The CODE-X series catalogs a vast codex of source codes (aka “signs”) extracted from past audits.

The object of study in semiotics is not the signs but rather a general theory of signification; the goal of each “audit” is to build a model demonstrating how meaning is produced and received within a category or cultural territory. Signs on their own, therefore, only become truly revelatory and useful once we’ve sorted them into thematic complexes, and the complexes into codes, and the codes into a meaning map. We call this process “thick description”; the Code-X series is thin description.

“KIDDIE EMO” NORM: Adult anxieties and emotions haunting a child-like toy or cartoon.

“KIDDIE EMO” FORMS: Character and set/game design that is both figuratively and literally “dark” and complex. For example: Dimly lit scenes, action taking place at night, overcast weather… Characters who seem designed to express only simple, uplifting sentiments… but who instead express anxiety, anger, sorrow, etc. Character design that is grotesque, not sweet and innocent — e.g., sharply angled, bulbous and shapeless, misshapen or damaged, etc.

From a 2024 analysis of the OUT THERE territory (unsettling, eerie — satirizing the safe, cozy, familiar) within the space of “sophisticated wholesome” videogames, animated movies and series, etc.